EFEITOS SISTÊMICOS PROVOCADOS PELO PERÓXIDO DE CARBAMIDA – ESTUDO IN VITRO E IN VIVO

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the cellular cytotoxicity effects of carbamide peroxide at different concentrations in a hamster cell line in an in vitro study and its systemic effects in an in vivo assay. Methods: Cell cytotoxicity assay and histochemical evaluation of kidney and liver morphology were performed comparing the control group and test groups, which were characterized by the ingestion of carbamide peroxide in the water supply at different concentrations: 1.9 mg / ml 1), 0.95 mg / ml (test 2), 0.71 mg / ml (test 3), 0.47 mg / ml (test 4) and 0.24 mg / ml (test 5) for a period of 40 days. Results: The bleaching agent was cytotoxic at concentrations of IC₅₀ = 0.4 mM. In addition, a significant alteration of the blood count was observed in erythrocyte count, mean corpuscular volume, hemoglobin concentration, segmented neutrophil count and lymphocyte count. Regarding the enzymes, urea counts showed statistically significant changes between the control group and test groups 1 and 2 (Tukey index = 5.34, p = 0.0000) and alkaline phosphatase counts between the control group and the test groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 (Tukey's index = 10.72, p = 0.0009). Changes in liver and kidney morphology were also observed. Conclusion: Carbamide peroxide in the different concentrations studied can provide significant systemic alterations, demonstrating the importance of using this drug with caution in dentistry, in order to avoid irreversible damage to the patient.